Metallic Silicon

Metallic silicon, also known as crystalline silicon or industrial silicon, is primarily used as an additive for non-iron based alloys. Silicon metal is made of quartz and coke in the electric furnace smelting products, the content of the main component silicon element is about 98% (in recent years, the content of Si 99.99% is also included in silicon metal), the remaining impurities are iron, aluminum, calcium and so on.

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"Metal silicon" (also known as industrial silicon in China) is a commodity name that appeared in the mid-1960s. Its emergence is related to the rise of the semiconductor industry. The international practice is to divide commercial silicon into metallic silicon and semiconductor silicon. Silicon metal is made of quartz and coke in the electric furnace smelting products, the content of the main component silicon element is about 98% (containing 99.99% Si content is also included in silicon metal), the remaining impurities are iron, aluminum, calcium and so on. Semiconductor silicon A high-purity metallic silicon used to make semiconductor devices. It is sold in polycrystalline and single crystal form, the former is cheap, the latter is expensive. It is divided into various specifications for different uses. According to statistics, in 1985, the world consumed about 500,000 tons of metal silicon, of which about 60% were used for aluminum alloys, less than 30% were used for organosilicon, about 3% were used for semiconductors, and the rest were used for steel smelting and precision ceramics.

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►The use of silicon aluminum calcium

1.Silicon is widely used in smelting ferrosilicon alloys as alloying elements in the iron and steel industry and as reducing agents in many kinds of metal smelting.

2.Silicon is also a good component in aluminum alloy, and the vast majority of cast aluminum alloys contain silicon.

3.Silicon is the raw material of ultra-pure silicon in electronics industry. The electronic devices made of ultra-pure semiconductor monocrystalline silicon have the advantages of small size, light weight, good reliability and long life. High-power transistors, rectiators and solar cells made of silicon single crystals doped with certain trace impurities are better than those made of germanium single crystals.

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The classification of silicon metal is usually classified by the content of the three main impurities of iron, aluminum and calcium contained in the silicon metal composition. According to the content of iron, aluminum and calcium in metal silicon, metal silicon can be divided into 553, 441, 411, 421, 3303, 3305, 2202, 2502, 1501, 1101 and other different grades.

In industry, metallic silicon is usually produced by carbon reduction of silicon dioxide in electric furnaces. Chemical reaction equation: SiO2 + 2C → Si + 2CO The purity of silicon produced in this way is 97~98%, which is called metallic silicon. Then it is melted and recrystallized, and impurities are removed with acid to obtain metallic silicon with a purity of 99.7~99.8%.